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Photoelectrochemical CO2 conversion include components for light absorption and charge separation, electrocatalysis for both CO2 reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction as well as electronic and ionic coupling between the two reactions. Design, fabrication, and characterization of test-bed prototype that allows the evaluation of materials performance at device-relevant operation conditions are essential to advance the TRL of this nascent technology.

Xiang's research team, as part of Liquid Sunlight Alliance (LiSA), is working on design and development of custom electrochemical cells for in-situ pH measurements, Operando water concentration measurements at catalyst/membrane interfaces, and Operando chemical composition measurements in gas diffusion electrodes. Xiang's research team is also working on system concepts for full-spectrum utilization of sunlight and prototype devices that integrate multiple micro-environments for efficient and selective CO2 conversion.